conspiracy theory \ grāt ri-ˈplās-mənt \
: a conspiracy theory rooted in the belief that the white race is under threat of extinction at the hands of Jews and other minorities. While a similar conspiracy theory was prevalent in Nazi Germany and has been promoted by white nationalists for decades, this recent iteration was popularized through Renaud Camus’s 2011 book The Great Replacement, which claimed Muslims in France were destroying French civilization and culture
Great Replacement, also known as white replacement theory or white genocide theory, claims there is an intentional effort, led by Jews, to promote mass non-white immigration, inter-racial marriage, and other efforts that would lead to the “extinction of whites.” This conspiracy theory was famously promoted at the 2017 “Unite the Right” rally in Charlottesville, VA, when white supremacists chanted, “Jews will not replace us.” Right wing commentators have invoked the Great Replacement theory to say Democrats are “replacing” American citizens with illegal immigrants. Belief in the Great Replacement theory has been cited as motivation for recent terror attacks, including the 2018 Pittsburgh, PA, synagogue shooting at the Tree of Life, the 2019 El Paso, TX, and Christchurch, New Zealand, shootings, and the 2022 shooting in Buffalo, NY. Longtime civil rights strategist Eric Ward says of the Buffalo shooting, “It is important for us to understand that African Americans were killed because they were Black, but the motivating story that drove the killer was an idea that he was at war with the Jewish community.”